OBJECTIVE: In this study we aimed to evaluate the rates of azoospermia in the local population/refugee patient groups and parameters that may have an effect who were applied to our hospital with male infertility.
MATRERIAL and METHODS: We evaluated 626 patients with male infertility who were diagnosed with azoospermia between January 2017 and July 2018 retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups as local population and refugees. Refugees were also divided as campers and living outside the camps. Age, serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, total testosterone levels, scrotal ultrasonography (usg) results, presence of varicocele and varicocelectomy operation were evaluated.
RESULTS: The number of azoospermic patients was 12.4% (377) in local population, this number was 17.4% (249) in refugees. The number of azoospermic patients was significantly higher in the refugee patient group compared to the local population group (p<0.05). Although there was a significant difference in terms of azoospermia among refugee patient groups living outside the camps and in the camps, this difference was not statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference between the ratio of hormone values, scrotal USG results, varicocele presence and varicocelectomy operation in the native population and refugee patient group.
CONCLUSION: In our study, we found that azoospermic patients were higher than local population in refugee patient group and it was statistically significant. Although the independent variables were similar in the refugees, the high rates of azoospermia were thought to be due to factors such as nutrition, shelter and stress.

OBJECTIVE: Although male sexual health dysfunctions are common problems, unfortunately the rate of admission for treatment is low due to their perception in society. The number of studies addressing the prevalence and related factors of male sexual health problems in Turkey is quite low. The aim of this study is to determine the sexual health problems of male teachers working in elementary and high schools, and related factors.
MATRERIAL and METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study is based on a web-based research model. Teachers, who are one of the professional groups that use the internet most, have been determined as working group due to intensive and stressful working conditions. The members of various online forums or social media groups related to the teaching profession are selected as target, and the sample group consisted of those who replied to the questionnaire at the determined dates. Online survey was conducted between 01 July 2016 and 01 July 2017, and 143 male teachers were accepted as samples. In the data collection, the questionnaire which examines the sociodemographic characteristics, health status information and sexual health problems prepared by the researcher in accordance with the literature has been used. Statistical analysis of the data was done by SPSS version 21.0. Chi-square test, Independent Sample t test, Mann-Whitney U were used for data analysis.
RESULTS: The mean age of the teachers who participating in the research was 33.05±8.63. The teachers who stated that they have active sexual life was 73.4%; 40.6% of the teachers state some kind of sexual health problem at any time in their lives or now. The percentage of participants who had experienced premature ejaculation was 33.6%, the sexual desire problem was 11.9%, and the erectile dysfunction was 9.8%. Stress levels of those experiencing premature ejaculation and sexual desire disorder were higher than those who did not. Also, the rate of premature ejaculation was found to be higher in people who did not have any physical activity (sports/exercise) and who had body mass index more than 25.
CONCLUSION: The results of our study gives important information about male sexual health which is considered as taboo in our country. It is observed that there is a relationship between stress levels and sexual health problems of teachers with intense and stressful working conditions. It is recommended to plan and implement health education programs in order to raise awareness on male sexual health.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation with the existence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and sexual functions and satisfactions of females who have been diagnosed with OSAS.
MATRERIAL and METHODS: Female patients who have been investigated with a complaint of snoring and apnea and scheduled to undergo full night polysomnography in Eskisehir State Hospital between January and June 2018 were the subjects of this study. Patients were asked to fill Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and The Sexual Satisfaction Scale for Women (SSS-W) before sleep study in order to assess their sleepiness, sexual functions and sexual satisfaction respectively. Patients were grouped as: simple snorers (control group; group 1), mild OSA (apnea-hypopnea index (AHI): 5–15; group 2) and moderate/severe OSA (AHI >15; group 3) according to their AHI.
RESULTS: 18, 8 and 16 patients, who were willing to participate to the study and met the inclusion criteria, were groups as control, mild OSA and moderate/severe OSA respectively. Age distributions of groups were as 39.27±7.84, 44±6.27 and 41.81±4.57 years for group 1, 2 and 3 respectively (p>0.05). Total FSFI points of each groups were similar (p>0.05). There were no statistically differences in the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and FSFI aspects’ scores between all three groups and when the all groups compared between each other (p>0.05). Total SSS-W points of each groups were similar (p>0.05). When the total and aspects’ points of FSFI and the total and aspects’ points of SSS-W were evaluated by correlation analysis in the 24 patients diagnosed OSAS, both two scales’ total and aspects’ points were correlated between each other except the ‘concern’ aspects in the SSS-W (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION: It was found that sexual functions and satisfaction levels were adversely affected in females with OSAS. Therefore, sexual functions and sexual satisfaction should be taken into account in the evaluation of female sexual health.

Oocyte and sperm mitochondria also play an important role because of the DNA they possess, besides motility through oxidative phosphorylation and the energy production needed for some functions. This is because all mitochondria in the embryo are oocyte originated, mutations in mitochondrial DNA are transmitted maternally to new generations, and cause maternally inherited mitochondrial diseases. Sperm mitochondria undergoes elimination during spermatogenesis or in the early stages of embryogenesis through variable mechanisms between species, and existence of mitochondria can’t keep up. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of oocyte and sperm mitochondria on fertilization. Data analysis starting from 2018 to backwards were obtained from Pubmed.

Infertility is defined as the inability of a sexually active, non-contracepting couple to achieve pregnancy in one year. No specific etiology can be determined in men up to 30% of infertility cases and it is considered as idiopathic infertility. In this group, empirical drug therapies are widely used in clinical practice. These drugs may be antioxidant or hormonal. Probiotics can be considered as promising supportive agents especially in male idiopathic infertility due to its regulatory effects, antioxidant and anti hyperlipidemic effects on seminal microbiome. Although it is quite expensive more experimental and clinical prospective studies are needed to express this opinion stronger.

Cancer is a public health problem that affects the individual as versatile in terms of biologically, psychologically and socially, and break downs the quality of life, increasingly on the world and in our country. Therefore, sexuality, which is an important indicator of quality of life, is also affected negatively. Sexuality, a subjective and complex phenomenon that depends on social environment, religious, cultural, personal experiences, can not be considered apart from culture. It is known how important roles women have in society. Women with cancer are not only affected by the negative aspects due to cancer and their treatment, but also have difficulties in socio-cultural terms. Starting from this point, this review article examines the perception, knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of different cultures related to cancer, their diagnosis, their approaches to the treatment process and the changes in the psychosocial status of individuals.